Design and implementation of a server room monitoring system

Hardware specifications

Arduino is a target that will manage the system.

- Advantages: inexpensive, clear and simple programming environment, cross-platform

(runs on Windows, Macintosh, and Linux), numerous libraries available, with

various implemented functions, open source and extensible software and hardware.

- Field of use: building interactive physical systems that use

software and hardware that can interface with sensors and actuators, industrial and embedded electronics, home automation, robotics, modeling...

industrial and embedded electronics, home automation, robotics, modeling...

Arduino pinout diagram

To measure temperatures and floods, we will use the flood sensor.
and DHT11 sensor.
- The DHT11 is a temperature and humidity sensor highly valued for its simplicity
implementation and its low cost.
- It only requires a pull-up resistor and a 3V or 5V power supply to operate.
- Its programming is easy with the help of Arduino, Raspberry Pi, or ESP8266 libraries.
available.

DHT11 sensor and flood sensor

The Arduino Ethernet Shield allows an Arduino board to connect to the internet using
the Ethernet library and read and write to an SD card using the SD library.

Ethernet shield Arduino

to complete the project and enhance some of the additional tools, we were using
pic 18f452 i/p

pinout diagram of PIC

PICKIT3:
- is a microchip programmer/debugger circuit that does not require hardware
external hardware or additional ports.
The main advantage:
- It can be connected to the ICSP (In-Circuit Serial Programming) port of the board without
no additional port.
- PICKIT3 can be used as an ICSP programmer using the software called
PICKIT3 Microchip programmer.
- It does not require any additional configuration other than selecting the device.
in the drop-down menu.

PICKIT3 pinout diagram

The LCD screen (Liquid Crystal Display) is an electronic display module that allows for a wide range of applications.
allows for a wide range of applications.
A 16x2 LCD screen is a very basic and very commonly used module in various
devices and circuits.
These modules are preferred over seven-segment displays and other multi-segment LEDs.
The reasons being: LCDs are economical, easily programmable, have no
limitation on displaying special characters and even custom ones (unlike
seven-segment display), animations, and so on.

LCD 16*2 pinout diagram.

A buzzer is an effective component for adding sound features to our
project.
It is very small and compact with 2 pins, which makes it easy to use on
development boards, perforated boards, and even on printed circuit boards, which
makes it a widely used component in most electronic applications.

buzzer

Software Specification

We will complete our board so that we can use Eagle "Easily Applicable Graphical Layout Editor".
phical Layout Editor": is software that allows you to create electrical diagrams and
create PCBs.

MikroC PRO:
- To write our program, we used mikroc because it is software with a great variety of helps, which facilitates the creation of projects and applications for the PIC microcontrollers, and it is necessary to program our PIC using of the PICKIT3 software with the Microchip PICKIT3.

- Android Studio: Android Studio has an easy-to-use interface.
Feature:
- useful for testing graphical interfaces, compatible with different Android devices.
- useful for testing graphical interfaces, compatible with different Android devices. - Eclipse is a software development project for producing programs Eclipse is a software development project for the production of programs
scalable, global, and diverse open source, primarily based on Java.

The developed Prototype

The web page interfaces

-this is the first page to create an account or access the site.

homepage

-this is the second page for visualization in gauge format

first page

-this is the history of temperature and humidity.

second page

The mobile application interface

Mobile application interface

We can also simulate the application on an Android Virtual Machine (Android
emulator) it also gives us a GPU Debugger Preview tool.
We can modify the Java Kotlin files and the XML configuration files and
generate the application in apk format.
You can also download an application from the Google Play Store.

Arduino wiring with LCD and the three sensors

Arduino wiring with LCD and the three sensors

We used a 2*16 LCD with 6 pins connected to the Arduino D7, D6, D5, D4, RS, E.
and connect the flood sensor to the analog port A0, the temperature sensor
humidity is connected to the digital pin D7.
Using the IRF610 MOSFET to control the buzzer according to a PWM signal generated by
the Arduino with a frequency of 15kHz.
The Ethernet shield is connected to the Arduino according to pins 13, 12, 11, 10.
The SD card occupies pin 4 of the Arduino.
All Ethernet-Arduino communications are done according to the SPI Protocol.

A schematic description of ATMEGA wiring with LCD

ATMEGA wiring with LCD

Using a 16 MHz oscillator with a reset button, a 5V power supply on
pin the 6 pins of the LCD, the control pin of the buzzer MOSFET, and we connect 6 pins of
ICSP for communication with the Ethernet shield with 2 power pins.

Battery life

We used two batteries in parallel, each at 3.7 V and 1200mAh, which gives us
gives a total of 3.7 V and 2400mAh.
In our case, the Arduino board and the Ethernet shield consume approximately 230mAh, and
it consumes both the PIC18F microcontroller, buzzer, 2 LCDs, and the three sensors
approximately 150mAh, so the estimated number of hours = 2400 / (230 + 150) = 2400 / 380 =
6 hours.

The time required to charge the battery depends on the battery level itself and
to the maximum current that the charger can provide, and in the case of which we have
used MC34063 IC to allow an electric current of approximately 1000mA to pass.
Charging time = 2400/1000 = 2.4 hours.
The graph below explains how to charge a lithium battery (current and voltage).
tension).

Load curve

Charger IC

It is a battery tester that works to detect saturation and protection. against short circuits with automatic polarity of the identification battery.

The converter circuit

Several times, it is necessary to increase or decrease the DC voltages.
The circuits for increasing or decreasing DC voltages are not as simple as
this is the case with alternating voltages.
The change in level of direct currents requires complex circuits.
These circuits are called DC to DC converters, DC - DC converters are
electronic circuits that convert a constant direct voltage into a level of
high voltage or low voltage.
When a circuit increases the DC voltage to a higher level, it is called a Boost Converter.
Convertisseur.
However, for general use, 3.7V batteries are quite common.
These batteries can be used to power 5V devices using a circuit.
boost converter.
The voltage of the 3.7 V Li-ion battery is increased to 5V DC.
The end-of-discharge voltage of the Li-ion battery can be assumed to be 3.5 V, so this
circuit will convert the minimum input voltage from 3.5 V to 5 V.
A maximum current of 500 mA can be drawn by this step-up converter.

component table

regulator 34063

This regulator is an integrated circuit specially designed for conversion, it provides a
constant and regulated output voltage.
The IC regulator comes packaged with the following features:
- Low standby current- Draws much less current when no load is
connected to the output.
- Can provide an output current of up to 1.5 A by changing the external circuits of this
boost converter.
- Adjustable output voltage - the user can change the output voltage as needed.
- Adjustable frequency up to 100 kHz.

Internal circuit of the 34063 regulator.

According to the figure, with the basic components such as the oscillator, the transistor, the diode

and the inductor, which are essentially part of the basic design of a converter

booster, the 34063 regulator also includes additional components.

These components are used to provide more features to the user and increase

increase the efficiency of the boost converter circuit.

Variation of current and voltage for different loads at the output of
converter.

A schematic description of PIC wiring with LCD and the converter circuits

PIC wiring with LCD and converter circuits

PIC wiring with LCD and converter circuits.

Using two MC3406 for 300mA each to amplify from 3.7V to 5V, and TC3582 for
the battery charger.A voltage divider bridge composed of two resistors

The routing of the electronic card

The Final PCB layer

- We used a track width of 40 mil and vias with a diameter of 50 mil and 30 mil for the layer.
top layer.
- The maximum current flowing on the track is 1A.
- The maximum track length is 80 mm.
- two sides (top bottom)

This is the final result of the map:

The Final Prototype

The prototype external case: 

Thanks for reading! 🚀